The Road To Salvation Essay -- essays research papers

Dhanpat Rai Shrivastava was conceived on July 31, 1880 in the little town of Lamahi, situated close to the city of Banaras in India. Albeit naturally introduced to the Hindu Kaystha rank, comprised of experts including authors, specialists and legal advisors, his family was poor. His dad was a low paid postal worker. His mom kicked the bucket when he was just eight years of age. His dad remarried, yet Dhanpat Rai didn't care for his stepmother. He examined Urdu and Persian, dialects utilized in writing and organization in nineteenth century North India at a close by school. He recalles his youth affectionately in one of his accounts, so it is genuinely protected to expect that he was a glad and very much thought about youngster. Dhanpat Rai was hitched at the early age of fifteen. This marriage didn't keep going long, conceivably in light of the fact that he was hurried into the marriage by his dad. He later remarried a balavidhava, or youth widow named Shivrani Devi. This marriage was a glad one, and they had a few kids together. She was supposed to be steady of him for the duration of their lives together. Dhanpat Rai moved on from school at eighteen years old and started to educate around the open country. He instructed for a couple of years in different North Indian towns while gaining a professional education. Dhanpat Rai started to compose when he started instructing school. He took up the nom de plume Premchand when he started composing. His composing was something other than a past an ideal opportunity for him; it was an endeavor to change the social structure of India. Premchand passed on at 56 years old on Oc...

Impact of New Electronic Media on Egyptian Islam

TV Viewing Patterns and What they educate us regarding the Scope for Liberal Islamic Scholarship in Egypt The electronic media can possibly impact popular sentiments. Egyptians utilize the media to instruct themselves about their administration. New electronic media alludes to radio, TV, digital broadcasts and the web. The web is a powerful wellspring of data. It empowers individuals to get to the assets required to settle on all around educated choices. Because of the quick development of data and correspondence innovation, Egyptians have been acquainted with new schools of thought.Advertising We will compose a custom research paper test on Impact of New Electronic Media on Egyptian Islam explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More Before the appearance of useful TV programs, Egyptians may have seen the western world as an abusive system which utilized the media to degenerate the psyches of its shoppers. The electronic media has acquainted Egypt with the remainder of the world. It has allowed Egyptians to settle on all around educated choices that depend on realities. Gossip mongering political figures have less impact now than they did previously. As indicated by Hamada (2001), TV fills in as an open gathering through which Egyptians can take part in different social and political conversations. Over 15 years back, disputable projects were blue-penciled by the Egyptian government. Data was gone through an exacting political channel. The administration just permitted socially proper movies to be communicated. Egypt was under a harsh system. Egyptians have started to voice their sentiments. Data and correspondence innovation has affected Egypt’s political framework from multiple points of view. Before satellite TV was presented, Islamic researchers had solid reservations towards sex. Men were just permitted to associate with ladies on uncommon events. Connections between youngsters and ladies were carefully illegal. Pre-marriage sex was a tran sgression that must be rebuffed dependent on severe Islamic laws. The western world has presented Egypt to an increasingly liberal methodology towards marriage and sexuality. Islamic pioneers are currently more indulgent than they were previously. There have been a few changes in Egypt’s conventional way to deal with romance just as different transitional experiences. A few researchers have contended that Islam is the most powerful religion (Labib, 1997). Present day innovation has in this manner been utilized to continue the spread of Islam. In any case, new electronic media can be utilized to degenerate just as improve the psyches of numerous strict gatherings. Islam is no exception.Advertising Looking for examine paper on religion religious philosophy? How about we check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More In Egypt, new electronic media has offered ascend to what researchers allude to as dynamic Islam. This identifies with Egyptians who have been allowed the chance to communicate their own suppositions. Innovation can subsequently be utilized to â€Å"to upgrade open interchanges and improve democracy† (Blumler and Gurevitch 2001). The media can be utilized to enable the individuals of Egypt. It is a useful asset that can be utilized to topple harsh foundations. As per Shukri (1996), Egyptian crowds were once confined to a solitary correspondent who was helped by just a single cameraman. News inclusion was constrained to provincial occasions, for example, common wars. Shukri (1996) contends that the Egyptian government was urgently attempting to edit questionable radio stations. Communicates that tangled with Islamic convictions were either closed down or authoritatively restricted. The approach of satellite TV prompted a change in perspective in Egypt’s dictator arrangement of government. CNN’s inclusion of the 1991 clash including America and Iraq empowered Arab countries, for example, Egypt and Saudi Arabia to take an unmistakable fascination for the news. So as to abstain from conflicting with the Egyptian specialists, CNN must be re-transmitted through earthly TV. The administration could no longer control the progression of data. Egyptians are presently more liberal than they were forty years prior. They have figured out how to abuse assets that were once open to just few individuals. Satellite TV has offered ascend to uninhibited news communicates. New exclusive diverts have been propelled so as to guarantee free and target news inclusion. Al Jazeera, which was propelled in 1996, is one of the previously mentioned news channels. Its questionable communicates were once scrutinized by some of Egypt’s political figures. It presently has a quickly developing crowd. There are more Arab columnists now than there were previously. Arabic media houses have started to create programs that intrigue to Islamic watchers. The crowd is additionally ready to get to western channels which are not constrained by the Egyptian specialists. Satellite transmissions have offered ascend to political projects planned for teaching the Egyptian open. Target syndicated programs allow general society to detail their own feelings. As indicated by Habermas’s hypothesis of the open circle, the dispersal of data energizes the development of vote based system inside a given country. Egyptians presently reserve the privilege to take an interest in political discussion. These sorts of conversations were unrealistic during Egypt’s past dictatorial system. Al Jazeera furnishes its watchers with objective and solid wellsprings of data. Rivalry between mainstream Egyptian channels and Al Jazeera has guaranteed that Islamic news stays objective. Al Jazeera has increased present expectations for quality news communicates. Al Arabia’s political television shows incite their crowds in a positive way. Crowds are not, at this point kept in the dark.Advertisin g We will compose a custom research paper test on Impact of New Electronic Media on Egyptian Islam explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More The media has urged the Egyptian government to improve its international strategy over and over. Laws that were once implemented through exacting Islamic rules have been inspected and changed in accordance with suit the necessities of a progressively popularity based country. The western world characterizes popular government as the opportunity to participate in open conversations. Vote based system in this way alludes to an arrangement of government that regards everybody as an equivalent individual from the general public. Electronic types of correspondence have prepared for Egypt’s democratization. The media has, thus, made ready for some Egyptian channels. As indicated by Habib (1997), Egyptians ought to be permitted to detail their own assessments dependent on what they see. The administration ought to permit its kin to partake in open political discussions. Egypt’s political pioneers ought to support open discussions. Studies have indicated that individuals are bound to focus on the news on the off chance that it influences them legitimately. Egyptian watchers are the same. The Egyptian government once preferred national improvement over majority rules system. Social courtesies were a higher priority than the social equality of the Egyptian individuals. Egypt in this way had an all around created framework. The nation likewise had a very much evolved human services framework. The individuals, be that as it may, were not at freedom to transparently condemn their legislature. The electronic media has made it workable for Egyptians to straightforwardly condemn their administration. The progression of data has offered ascend to famous interest. Scientists have contended that a general public is bound to accomplish vote based system if data is given to people in general (Habib, 1997). The Egypt ian government has been urged to see general society as a target crowd that isn't handily tainted by the media. The Egyptian media has in this manner been allowed the opportunity to act with neither dread of restriction nor abuse. In any case, Egypt’s news inclusion despite everything centers around issues of Islam. Hostile communicates are still seen as promulgation. Egyptians, who were once unaware of the outside world, presently have the opportunity to communicate their individual conclusions. Digital broadcasts and talk rooms are a portion of the stages that they can use to examine their political perspectives. Al Arabia is one of the numerous channels that have added to Egypt’s illumination. Egyptian shoppers check out Al Arabia so as to instruct themselves about the remainder of the world. This has urged learning organizations to cook for American understudies in Egypt. Cairo University is one of only a handful barely any foundations that have partaken in this ac tivity. A few researchers have contended that such activities can be utilized to energize worldwide solidarity (Labib, 1997).Advertising Searching for investigate paper on religion philosophy? How about we check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Find out More The electronic media has additionally urged other Islamic countries to take part in free and intermittent races. Islamic countries like Egypt and Palestine are presented toward the western world through satellite TV. This urges such countries to take an interest during the time spent vote based system. Private financial specialists have energized liberal deduction among the Egyptian individuals. Associations will in general publicize their items through electronic methods. The Egyptian government is along these lines incapable to channel what it considers to be improper for its open. Outside financial specialists in some cases sell their items through western-themed ads. The Egyptian government has been compelled to adapt to liberal ideas established inside these promoting methodologies. People in general is in this way presented to western ideas and thoughts that were once thought to degenerate Islamic lessons. It is for all intents and purposes difficult to stop the spread of such data. Accordingly, state-claimed media houses, for example, the Egyptian Radio and Television Union (ERTU), have worked resolutely to uphold Islamic qualities. As per Blumler et al (2001), ERTU mirrors an uneven cultural perspective on Egyptian governmental issues. Habib (1997) declares that new electronic drug

Schools with February Deadlines and Rolling Admissions

Schools with February Deadlines and Rolling Admissions Schools with February Deadlines and Rolling Admissions Schools with February Deadlines and Rolling Admissions Are you staring at your screen wondering why you didnt get your act together quicker and apply for college when all of your friends were? Are you wondering why you let your classes and clubs and bae get in the way of your future? Youre not alone, and more importantly, its not too late. Although many schools had January 1 deadlines, many also accept applications through the end of January or have rolling admissions until they are satisfied with their incoming freshman class size. Here is a list of some of the colleges that are still accepting freshman applications: University of Tulsa Preferred deadline: Jan 15 and rolling admissions after that The University of Tulsa began as Henry Kendall College in 1882. The school is named the greenest university in Oklahoma and powers its Case Tennis Center through rooftop solar panels. Students and employees at the University of Tulsa volunteered more than 70,000 community service hours last year through the True Blue Neighbors program. University of Pittsburgh Rolling admissions The University of Pittsburgh is a state-related research university, founded as the Pittsburgh Academy in 1787.  Pitt researchers led by Jonas Salk developed the first polio vaccine in 1955.  Pitt surgeons have performed 17,000+ organ transplants, making Pittsburgh the world’s transplantation capital.  The first heavier-than-air powered aircraft to make a sustained flight was created by Pitt astronomer Samuel Langley. Pennsylvania State University Deadline: Rolling admissions after November 30. Penn State is ranked  No. 8 (tied) for the best online bachelors programs  in the country  in U.S. News World Report’s 2017 “Best Online Programs.  Penn State began offering systematic advanced-degree work in 1922 with the formation of the Graduate School.  A college of medicine and teaching hospital were established in 1967 with a $50 million gift from the charitable trusts of renowned chocolate magnate Milton S. Hershey (yes, the same guy who you can thank for Hershey Park). SUNY University at Buffalo Deadline: August 7. SUNY University at Buffalo prides itself on being a research-intensive public university. UB is the largest and most comprehensive campus of all sixty four state campuses with about 20,000 undergraduate students and close to 10,000 professional and graduate students. University at Buffalo cares not only about research (the school spends almost $400 million on research every year), but international students. As their site reads, For the past 12 years, UB has been among the top 25 US institutions enrolling the largest number of international students. UB partners with 85 leading universities around the world and sends more than 600 students abroad each year. University of Michigan Deadline: Feb 1. The University of Michigan has one of the largest alumni networks in the world with over 675,000 U-M grads still living. University of Michigan requires supplemental essays (but dont worry, we have a guide). If youre a Michigan resident with a family income of less than $65,000 and are admitted to the university, U-M will cover your tuition for four years of undergraduate study on their Ann Arbor campus. University of Wisconsin Deadline: Feb 1. The  UW Marching Band  is nationally famous for its Fifth Quarter, a celebration that takes place after UW football games. Win or lose, Badger fans sing, dance, and cheer while the band plays traditional favorites such as “On, Wisconsin,” “Varsity,” and “You’ve Said It All” (the Bud song). Vitamin A and B were discovered at the University of Wisconsin in 1914. UWâ€"Madison has a $12.4 billion annual impact on Wisconsin’s economy that helps support 128,146 jobs across the state. Indiana University Deadline: Feb 1. Every year, students at Indiana University dance for 36 hours straight during the IU  Dance Marathon  to benefit Riley Children’s Hospital. To date, they’ve raised more than $24 million. Indiana University graduates have received awards such as Tonys, Oscars, Nobel Prizes, Pulitzer Prizes, Emmys, Grammys, Olympic medals, Guggenheims, and Fulbrights. Salve Regina University Deadline: Feb 1. Salve Regina has 51 buildings on 80 acres in the heart of Newports Bellevue Avenue Historic District.  Salve Regina accepts the Common App, for which we made an essay prompt  guide. The University enrolls more than 2,700 undergraduate and graduate students from across the U.S. and around the world. Salve Reginas diverse range of academic programs is complemented by community service initiatives and a range of extracurricular activities. University of Rhode Island Deadline: Feb 1. 56% of University of Rhode Island students are in-state.  URI claims that it is the only public institution in Rhode Island offering undergraduate, graduate, and professional students the distinctive educational opportunities of a major research university.  There are more than 120  student organizations  at URIâ€"from cycling and sailing to slam poetry and meditation. Drake University Priority deadline: March 1 and rolling admissions on a space-available basis after that Drake University is a mid-sized, private university in  Des Moines, Iowa.  Drake enrolls more than 3,300 undergraduates and 1,700 graduate students from 40 states and more than 40 countries. These students choose from more than  70 majors, minors, and concentrations  and  20 graduate degrees  offered through  six colleges and schools. Florida Southern College Priority deadline: March 1  rolling admissions on a space-available basis after that The Association of Campus entertainment hosts blockbuster and throwback films throughout the year at the Southern Cinema. FSC has a Fair-well Festival every year complete with food, rides, novelties, and music. Florida Southern College students are able to take a break from study stress to enjoy late-night breakfasts (9-11 PM) during Finals Week in the Fall and Spring. 94% of FSC students live on-campus. Chicago State University Priority deadline: April 1 and rolling admissions after that Chicago State University opened its doors as a teacher training school in a leaky railroad freight car in Blue Island, Illinois on September 2, 1867. Today, in contrast, the university is a fully accredited public, urban institution located on 161-picturesque acres in a residential community on the Southside of Chicago.  The university’s five colleges- Health Sciences, Arts and Science, Business, Education, and Pharmacy offer 38 undergraduate and  30 graduate degree-granting programs. About CEA HQView all posts by CEA HQ » Need help with your essays ASAP? We're waiting for your call! GET IN TOUCH »

The Lorax Essay example - 1500 Words

â€Å"The Once-ler perceived a market opportunity, displayed extraordinary entrepreneurial spirit and proceeded to create an industry of Thneed manufacturing. His story exemplifies laissez faire economics and the potential of free market enterprise and what’s truly possible if government â€Å"stays out† of markets with needless regulations. So what went wrong?† In order to understand exactly the story of The Lorax as an allegory of economic principles you must understand in terms of different philosophy foundations, scarcity, uncertainty, interdependencies, and the duel nature of rights. Philosophy foundations are all based on making a choice in any given situation. In the story The Lorax by Dr. Seuss the two main characters, the Once-ler and the†¦show more content†¦In the story the Once-ler, the Lorax, the Brown Bar-ba-loots, the Swomee-Swans, and the Humming-Fish are all put in a situation known as Pareto Optimality. This â€Å"exists when economic resources and output have been allocated in such a way that no one can be made better off without sacrificing the well-being of at least one person† (Wisdom, V Pareto). In a situation like this it is hard for the perspectives, like that of the Once-ler and the Lorax, to have a positive outcome. If their perspectives had been different, say like ‘the golden rule’ or ‘do no harm’ perspectives, things have a much better potential to come out more ideal for everyone. As discussed in class, both of these philosophical perspectives believe in withholding harm to one’s self and to others. If these were the perspectives taken by the Once-ler and the Lorax, both would be happy, in addition to the Brown Bar-ba-loots, the Swomee-Swans, and the Humming-Fish, but given the Pareto Optimality environment it is almost impossible to make everyone involved happy, instead there needs to be a more costs-benefits perspective taken where things are weighed out and people pick as a whole what the best usage of resources should be to maximize the outcome for everyone. â€Å"The basic economic problem that arises because people have unlimited wants but resources are limited† (Investopedia). In the story scarcityShow MoreRelatedLorax3135 Words   |  13 PagesENDANGERED SPECIES: THE LORAX The Introduction The Lorax is a story about a man who abused the environment and about what he learned. The story begins in the most run-down part of a dull, gray town. A small boy asks the Once-ler to share the secret of the Lorax and how he was taken away. Thus, the story is told as a â€Å"flashback† as the Once-ler talks about the Lorax and past events. The Characters: A. The Once-ler, a businessman B. The Lorax, a leader of the plants and animals TheRead MoreThe Lorax Allusions2105 Words   |  9 PagesDr. Seuss story The Lorax is filled with allusions and themes, that reference the Bible, American history, and other books. The Lorax published in 1971, and in the 1970s American history it was the environmental movement and laws were passed to clean the air and water. The story of the Lorax portrayed how nature is something that needs to be protected and not destroyed by big factories. Ted goes on a quest to find a real tree, a truffula tree that the Lorax protects to impress a girl. On his journeyRead MoreThe Lorax1060 Words   |  5 PagesJEZZIE KAYE P. RUIZ III-TAE ANIMATED FILM MOVIE: DR.SEUSS’ THE LORAX ACTORS * the Lorax, a grumpy yet charming orange creature with a large moustache. * the Once-ler, a man who recounts how his discovery of the Truffula Forest as a young man led to its depletion. * Ted Wiggins, an idealistic 12-year-old boy. * Audrey, an older girl and Teds love interest * Aloysius OHare, the mayor of Thneedville and head of the OHare Air company that supplies fresh air to ThneedvilleRead MoreEssay On The Movie The Lorax717 Words   |  3 Pages The movie the Lorax is an excellent way to teach children about how to love the Earth, and how each person can leave some kind of impact on the world. This blockbuster is an adaptation of Dr. Seaus’s book the Lorax. The Lorax is a wonderful, live changing film of a young boy, Ted, who lived in the town of Thneedville. Thneedville is a town that is filled with everything artificial, even the trees! One day, Ted falls in love with a girl who dreams of finding a real tree. In hopes to win her affectionRead MoreAnalysis Of Dr. Seuss The Lorax991 Words   |  4 PagesThe Lorax is a 1971 book by Dr. Seuss about the dangers of exploiting the environment with reckless abandon and the consequences which come from a lack of foresight in doing so. The book is very culturally impactful and has proved to be in many ways a foreshadowing of what was to come for certain areas around the world. Along with this the story of the Lorax shows to demonstrate a phenomenon known as the tragedy of the commons; a phenomenon in nature which deals with the depletion of aRead MoreThe Lorax Essay1339 Words   |  6 PagesThe Lorax: An Environmentalist Message for Children Dr. Seuss did not only use his stories to influence and teach children to read, but he used them to encourage children to think critically about serious issues happening in the world around us. In hopes that the adults of the future become aware of their surroundings and correct the mistakes of today’s society. In Dr.SeussÊ »s children story, Through the events that occur within the story of The Lorax, Dr. Seuss attempts to inform children readingRead MoreAnalysis Of The Lorax By Dr. Seuss1322 Words   |  6 Pageschange. In 1971, out of outrage at his surroundings, he wrote The Lorax. In 2012, over forty years later, the 45 page book was turned into a 90 minute movie. The seemingly joyful, colorful, book for toddlers and kids that was read before bedtime was far more controversial than someone who just cuts down trees. It has a secret message that goes right over the readers’ heads - concern about the environment through consumerism. The Lorax is about a preteen, Ted, who lives in an urbanized neighborhoodRead MoreThe Lorax and Ecocentrism3006 Words   |  13 PagesSeuss’s The Lorax (1971) is argued as one of the most important pieces of environmental children’s literature, with educators expressing the work, â€Å"as a powerful story for teaching and learning, as a story that can promote transformational ideas in educational practice,† (Henderson, 2004). This high praise begs the question: why is The Lorax so successful at reaching out to the child reader? This essay will indentify the use of certain literary characteristics that Seuss incorporated in The Lorax, whichRead MoreThe Novel The Lorax By Theodor Seuss Geisel933 Words   |  4 Pages This is the denouement of â€Å"The Lorax.† the Once-ler cuts down all the Truffula trees for their leaves. . .fluff. . . tufts or whatever they are called. He used them to make â€Å"thneeds† a ‘Fine-Something-That-All-People-N eed’ The Lorax warns him but the Once-ler’s greed got to him. This is the same story that goes throughout the book and the movie. Although there are numerous similarities between the two there are bountiful differences too. The book â€Å"The Lorax† written by Theodor Seuss GeiselRead MoreCritique Of The s The Lorax 1004 Words   |  5 PagesThe story of The Lorax may be animated and exaggerated to the point of talking animals, but in reality, it is true. Destroyed habitats and forests are the products of capitalism. Karl Marx believed that capitalism benefits nobody except the greedy owners who take no consideration for anyone or anything other than the money they are getting from the next sell. Seuss uses Marx’s ideas in The Lorax to demonstrate how capitalism goes from private riches, to exploitation of others, resulting in exploitation

Labor And Delivery Should Be Enforced - 908 Words

Labor and Delivery Pain is perceived differently in small, cohesive, traditional societies. â€Å"For example, in West African countries, such as Benin, during labor and midwifery delivery, the expectant and soon to be new mother expresses her pain by a barely audible â€Å"whee†. Labor and delivery is strictly a woman thing. Men are neither present at nor have a responsibility at the event† (Sargent, 1982). The use of grandmothers and mothers is common place. There is a varied emotional response, depending on the woman. Some may cry out loud while others may not use much expression at all. Some may not show up at the hospital until late in the stages of labor due to delayed seeking of medical care from lack of trust in the system and high levels of trust in their elders. Trust needs to be established early on in the nurse/patient relationship. Encouragement and non-judgment for their birthing preferences need to be enforced. Teach the patient what to expect for labor and delivery, and es tablish any specific preferences so they can be followed. Newborn care / feeding Variance is found with what the mother feeds the infant. Both breast milk and formula are used, and depends solely on each woman of which to use and for what time period. Typically, the grandmother of the infant helps assist the new mother with care of the infant. The grandmother’s opinion and teachings are highly regarded by the younger parent. In one study done in Minnesota while interviewing a group of 150-200 AfricanShow MoreRelatedBreastfeeding And Long Term Benefits Of Breastfeeding Essay1515 Words   |  7 Pagesof breastfeeding have been demonstrated. Mothers are encouraged to begin breastfeeding immediately after delivery, however mothers choosing to breastfeed find numerous challenges once returning to work. There are not appropriate accommodations to support nursing mothers in the workplace. Although there are law in place to support accommodations in the workplace these laws are not enforced and therefore it is virtually impossible for mothers to continue to b reastfeed as a result of the significantRead MoreThe Labor Relations Act Of The Senate1630 Words   |  7 Pagesin In the fall of 1934 Senator Wagner introduced the National Labor Relations Act in the senate. On July 5, 1935, President Franklin Roosevelt signed the National Labor Relations Act. This act was put into place to help unions survive, under the section 7, it gave employees the right to form and join unions and it obligated employers to bargain collectively with unions in a selective manner. Although, the future of organized labor in the economy today looks grim, the unions will have to do whateverRead MoreBreastfeeding And Long Term Benefits Of Breastfeeding Essay1526 Words   |  7 Pagesof breastfeeding have been demonstrated. Mothers are encouraged to begin breastfeeding immediately after delivery, however mothers choosing to breastfeed find numerous challenges once returning to work. There are not appropriate accommodations to support nursing mothers in the workplace. Although there are laws in place to support accommodations in the workplace these laws are not enforced an d therefore it is virtually impossible for mothers to continue to breastfeed as a result of the significantRead MoreEmployee Training Plan For Employees1716 Words   |  7 Pagesrequesting the training. ï‚ § There is a shared delivery system consisting of facilities, learning technologies, distance learning and instructional design. o Training is evaluated to determine its effect on intended outcomes. ï‚ § The plan outlines the training governance structure. ï‚ § It creates a Compensation Specialist to oversee implementation of the plan and develop strategies for addressing organizational training needs, methods and standards for design, delivery and evaluation. ï‚ § It identifies rolesRead MoreEconomics And Competitive Strategies And Government Policies1527 Words   |  7 Pagesindustry as well as current and expected government policies and regulations in place to address issues related to externalities. We will also take a look at the effects of global competition on the decisions made by management with regards to change in labor demand, supply, relations, unions, and rules and regulations in the auto industry. Considering the aforementioned topic on the auto industry’s competitive strategies and Government policies you will say that this report aims to explain how these twoRead More China’s Most-Favored-Nation Trade Status Essay917 Words   |  4 Pagesfollowing economic sanctions on China. Restrictions on export licenses are things that the United States may deny if it was determined that the product could make a direct and significant contribution to the development of nuclear weapons and their delivery systems, ele ctronic and submarine warfare, intelligence gathering, nuclear power projection, and air superiority. This restriction was placed on China on November 23, 1984. Another restriction placed on China dealt with the withholding of generalizedRead MoreThe Current State Consists Of Fragmented Processes1387 Words   |  6 Pagesinefficiency in the construction industry. The future state should be â€Å"project focused† rather than â€Å"process focused†. To achieve this desired future state it is essential that these processes are transformed to a more integrated approach. There should be better collaboration between the different stakeholders in the industry such as architects, builders, owners and regulatory agencies that issues permits. In the current, traditional system of project delivery, the relationship between these involved partiesRead MoreInformative Speech On Human Trafficking1173 Words   |  5 PagesHuman trafficking in modern day America and the rest of the w orld is higher than it’s ever had been before. Today there are twenty-one million people who are in human trafficking under forced labor, forced prostitution, several forms of state-enforced labor all across the world spanning the six habitable continents. This is a global issue that needs to be addressed properly and be known and spoken to for the general public. In Noy Thrupkaew’s Ted talk entitled â€Å"Human trafficking is all around youRead MoreThe Biggest Problem Facing America1445 Words   |  6 Pagesbetween 30 or 50 percent higher than that of U.S. born citizens. Third World Immigration and the U.S. Labor Market Third World immigration into the U.S. has not produced a highly skilled labor force, as the above statistics show. Instead, the U.S. labor pool has become flooded with low level, menial laborers, whose desperation for work of any sort has undercut the wages paid at the lower end of the labor market, which in turn made it more difficult for native born American citizens to escape povertyRead MoreCase study ‘Elite Hotel’1383 Words   |  6 Pagesclients for the hotel and the local hotel cant service these high level clientele. Thus it is worth to open an Elite Hotel in Azerbaijan. The hotel industry heavily utilizes labor for its daily operations. It is people-centric and thus HR practices are crucial to organizational success. Coupled with new regulations on labor, the hotel industry is a useful example to learn from, due to its high dependency on manpower. This answer aims to solve some of the key issues faced by the industry and specifically

The Fading Nokia Free Essays

Contents Contents Introduction 1. Glorious period 2. 1 Biggest market occupation 2. We will write a custom essay sample on The Fading Nokia or any similar topic only for you Order Now 2 Essential and successful merger and acquisition 2. 3. 1 Merger with Siemens 2. 3. 2 Acquisition to NAVTEQ 2. Sagging situation at present 3. 3 Severe competition in this area 3. 4. 3 Pressure from Apple and Samsung 3. 4. 4 No longer popularity of Symbian operational system 2. 2 Lack of cash flowing 3. Analyze the causes resulting in the depression of Nokia 3. 1 Failure investment 3. Losing the opportunity to achieve most value 4. Future and some suggestions 4. 1Transformation to windows systems 4. 2Get experience from other failed companies (Ericsson and Alcatel) Conclusion References Bibliography Introduction Nokia, the most well-known brand and biggest mobile company, once occupying over 60 percent sales in the market, has now dropped to less than 30 percent share of this area. What’s more, 90 percent of share price has evaporated since Apple launched the first iphone 5 years ago. Nowadays, its 15 years dominant position is totally taken placed by Apple and Samsung, in other words, the IOS and Android system are preferable to be chosen by customers rather than the old and past Symbian. What is worse, the news coming from official Nokia on June 14th shows that there will be 10 thousand staff fired by the end of 2013, causing the mobile phone area norm these days. It is truly the hardest time for Nokia now. As a result, this essay is aimed to describe the fading process of Nokia and explore the severe condition of it. In general, this project will be divided into 4 parts. Firstly, it will look at the glorious period of Nokia and give examples of some significant events, and the second part is going to analyze the sagging situation it is faced with, including the severe competition from Apple and Samsung, the falling trend in sales and the lack of cash flow. Thirdly it will explain the causes leading to the depression of Nokia, and I will give some constructive future suggestions towards the end of the subject. Glorious period 1. Biggest market occupation It is really surprising that Nokia was originally built as a paper factory in 1965, and 2 years later, it became a form technology company after a serious of merge operations . The year 1987 meant a significant turning point to Nokia, which launched the first mobile phone in the world, opening a new window to the phone’s development. This invention, actually, laid the foundation to Nokia to jump to the biggest mobile phone producer and help ed to construct the Nokia destiny in the following 20 years. Until the year of 2007, Nokia still took the first place in market sale, stating officially that its profit surged 85 percent in the third quarter due to strong demand for low-cost phones in Africa, the Middle East and Asia, lifting its share of the global market to almost 40 percent. As Nokia profit soars near a half, while Samsung and Apple shared 13. 5 percent and 6. 5 percent occupations in the end of 2007. Figure 1 Worldwide converged smart mobile device market Market shares Q4 2007, Q4 2006 Source: Canalys estimates,  © canalys. com Ltd. 2008. From the figure above, it can be seen that Nokia was far away ahead of other rivals and it seems no one could construct potential threat to the ‘mobile king’ at that time. 1. 2 Essential and successful merger and acquisition All successful companies need creativity and business events to adjust it all the time, therefore there is no doubt that Nokia will also follow this rule, in order to expand its business scale as well as increase the avenue profit. In fact, several mergers and acquisitions were done by Nokia in history, all bringing unexpected great results to this huge company. . 2. 1 Merger with Siemens On June 2006, Nokia and Siemens were to merge their mobile and fixed-line phone network equipment businesses so as to create one of the world’s biggest network firm. Although both companies contributed a 50% stake, it could not deny the prominent role of Nokia in the new infrastructure company. Additionally, Nokia and Siemens were even closer in 2008. A commu nication company based on them was proclaimed, achieving 4. 3 billion euros on net sales, which increased by 24% than last quarter. 1. 2. 2 Acquisition to NAVTEQ In the same year as the communication company was established, a significant acquisition to NAVTEQ Company by Nokia was completed on July 10th. A wise leading strategy was so important to a company that this event directly resulted in 31. 2% business growth of NAVTEQ in the third quarter. According to the financial data in third quarter of Nokia, it remarked a decline trend in overall business profitability. The consensus could be mostly caused by huge market investments and fast rate to expand the trade chain. The table below presents the financial statements during 2007 and 2008. Figure 2 The financial statements during 2007 and 2008 uro(million)| 2008| 2007| net sales| 50710| 51058| sales cost| -33337| -33781| gross profit| 17373| 17277| research and develop cost| -5968| -5636| cost of marketing| -4380| -4379| other income| 420| 2312| other cost| -1195| -424| profit| 4966| 7985| pretax profit| 4970| 8268| Source: Nokia’s official avenue financial statements in 2007 and 2008 . Based on the data provided, several figures were not as ideal as last year, as their profit decreasing was mainly due to the big expense on the merger and acquisition related to Siemens(28600million euros) and NAVTEQ companies(5million euros). However, no one accurately predicted that these huge costs generated to be the dominant reason to the present failure of Nokia, on the side of cost control, despite other potential threats to Nokia such as the cooperation with Android Company and the dramatic rise of Apple and Samsung. Sagging situation at present Once Nokia’s slogan â€Å"Human Technology† is well-known in the world at the peaking time, who would care about that the weak company like MOTOLORA and Samsung even Apple which lost its operation officer Steve Jobs 5 years ago could be the rivals today? However, just in that short period, Nokia dropped down so seriously that came out of our widest expectations. In a word, the competition from other companies as well as the shortage of cash flow and unsuccessful Lumia phones all contributed to the sagging condition of today’s Nokia. 2. 1 Severe competition in this area In the first quarter of 2012, the position occupying the largest share in phones sales, which existed as long as 14years, was replaced by Samsung, At the same time, the shares fell to only 22. percent in total. 2. 1. 1 Pressure from Apple and Samsung When Nokia was still insisting on its original strategy to adjust appearance of phones rather than improve the hardware and operational details, Apple and Samsung silently changed the old style and headed to new target which were previous settled. It was a big well fare for normal people that Apple promoted the â€Å"customer experience† based on the touching screen and Samsung focused on the hardware modific ation. Under this pressure, changing appearance of Nokia gradually lost the attractions to technological customers who always wanted something new, and the effect brought by the â€Å"low function, high price† had totally departed from its objective to the middle and low market. For the general people who had spare money to buy phones, Samsung and Apple seemed to be their first choice. Figure 3 The shipped numbers of handsets and smartphones in 2012 1st quarter Source: Financial News, 27th April 2012 By the comparison in the bar chart above, it can be seen that Samsung had overtaken Nokia in phone handset shipments, when it came to the smart phones, the numbers of Nokia were far more behind the other two. Although Apple had the least figure in quantity, it still was the richest handsets company over the world since its high profit of every phone. Apparently, Nokia was facing the severest challenge from Samsung and Apple ever, and the sales gap was enlarging, due to the blank products in smartphones and the weak supports to application platform. 2. 1. 2 No longer popularity of Symbian operational system In recent years, Apple and Google were vigorously promoting the application service platform, and IOS and Android were hard working at inventing and launching to the market, while Nokia, unfortunately, paid enormous 27billion euros on dividends and stock buyback, and did nothing improvement on its OVI platform, which all pushed customers to prefer to try the new IOS and Android. As a result, there was no doubt that market share of Nokia smartphones experienced a sharp decline since Apple gave birth to the first iphone and the quick spread of Android in 2007, dropping from more than half at peak to nowadays 8. percent. Therefore, Symbian system was no longer popular and in fact, Nokia had announced to give up this system in the early year which meant the original customers could never enjoy update again. Below was the present condition of IOS, Android and Symbian share. Figure 4 Smart phones share ranking Source: Andrew Munchbach, May 19th. http://www. bgr. com/2011/05/19/ A new repor t published by Millennial Media presented a picture of the global smartphone landscape in April of 2011. Obviously, Android continued its domination in pure market share, holding a 53% of impressions on the company’s network. Apple’s IOS came in second with 28% and others including Symbian only had 4% of all. 2. 2 Lack of cash flowing As pointed out by Rich (2012), last three months (April-June) Nokia made losses of 1. 1billion pounds as networks saw no reason to push Lumia. What’s more, sales in smartphones fell 34% to 1. 2billion pounds although the cash reversed to gain about 18% in the second quarter. Due to a number of investments reaching to 27billion euros on dividends and stock buyback, and also the research and invention at largely untried Microsoft Windows platform, the company is now facing with financial crisis. What is worse, the sales downturn leads to little revenue to it. For example, the depressive phone-fancier saw sales fall by a fifth, with sales of Nokia Lumia Windows phones-latest smart phones by a third, rarely sold 4 million Windows phones in this second quarter, continued being less than one tenth of sales of Apple and Samsung. Just several days ago, according to the latest financial statement conducted by Nokia, the net income had 29percent decline compared to last year, as the total operational loss became 1. 1euros that present CEO Stephen Elop had to announce that there would be 10 thousand staff fired by the end of 2013, giving an unexpected shock to this area. Things were not going to improve in the following months, because Microsoft had made a decision to cut off current Lumia phones and remove the connections between Windows 8 system and previous Windows phones belonging to Nokia. That means the Windows phones cannot go far away without the back support of Microsoft upd ate system and data. Furthermore, Nokia has forecast a similar loss in the next three months-an outlook that was worse than economists had estimated, just as JP Morgan analyst Deshpande (2012) stated â€Å"The third quarter is going to be the most difficult quarter for Nokia†. Analyze the causes resulting in the depression of Nokia 3. 1 Failure investment When the peak Nokia dropped down, it is necessary to analyze the potential reasons behind this phenomenon. Obviously, the dominant reason is the lack of cash flow, which is triggered by the following aspects: 1. It frequently allocates the cash such as paying enormous 27billion euros on dividends and stock buyback, and paid nothing to its OVI platform. 2. Increasing cost leads to the emergency of cash flow. Nokia plans to cut off the mobile phone production business cost by the end of next year to 3 billion euros, however, great cutting itself needs a lot of money ,which can reach to 0. 1 billion pounds, which still not contain the investments to construction transformation. Morgan Stanley analyst Francois (2012) pointed out that if they put these calculations above in all, before the end of 2012, Nokia needed 2. billion euro free cash flow to rescue. Therefore, Moody’s and sp and fitch ratings to Nokia credit fell to garbage level. If it has further deterioration, the situation of this company would be quite dangerous. It is possible to see Nokia collapse by 2040. 3. 2 Losing the opportunity to achieve most value As Rich (2012) stated, â€Å"Samsung’s ultimate victory shouldn ’t be very surprising; the company makes consumer electronics of all kinds, and as the mobile phone became a commodity product, the skills needed to make money out of manufacturing them have changed to the skills with which Samsung is well-equipped. It is why Samsung develops so fast these years, owning to the leap improvement in software and application platform, based on Android system. In 2010, after Elop taking charge of office, he sent to the company all a memorandum named â€Å"combustion platform† and felt sorry for the company had missed the construction software platform for the good chance. Elop (2012) mentioned: â€Å"our competition on hand is to use hardware to take our market shares, unlike them to use the software, with the new ecological system. We should make a decision that whether we should establish, promote or join the system,† as to Nokia expansion of egoism, it concluded â€Å"it is our own ruin ourselves, in this difficult time, we lack leadership and responsibility to unite the whole company, we have missed a lot of good opportunity, our innovation speed too slow and the internal cooperation mechanism is not perfect enough. † So in these 5years, Nokia has already lost the opportunity to achieve most value. Future and some suggestions Nokia has recognized that they had a severe war to fight and to avoid themselves to be out of competition. However, honestly, if they want to still successfully alive in the market, they truly need to make great effort for surviving. 4. 1Transformation to windows system Nokia is now focusing on high-margin smartphones even if that means being dependent on the success of Microsoft, so the change in ranking by volume in America these days isn’t surprising, even if it is a little unsettling. So focusing more on windows phones is the only hope for Nokia to stand up again in the smart phones area, and we can see there is an ideal beginning for Lumia sales in USA, although the percent is so small compared with Samsung and Apple. . 2Get experience from other failed companies (Ericsson and Alcatel) As there are two failure examples of mobile producers Ericsson and Alcatel well known in the world, people are paying much attention to Nokia’s fading. What if the windows phone fail in the future, how can Nokia survive? Does the transformation to top smart phones really work? Therefore t he most urgent thing for Nokia is to make extra efficient plans in case of window phone lost advancing position in final and obtain the experience from failure companies in view of future development of itself. In order to win the war, Nokia may need to: 1. Focus on clustered products such as launch more smart phone types which are little different from Lumia so that it will generate cluster effect. Just like Porter (1985) describes that clusters affect competition in three broad ways: first, by increasing productivities of the firm; second, by increasing their innovation capacities; and third, by stimulating new business information. 2. Sell patents. Nokia can depend on selling its 30000 patents to maintain the normal cash flow which can help for a while. 3. Concentrate on low-class products. Till now, the majority of Nokia’s income and profit come from its low-class products. However, the biggest problem is basic functional phones no longer popular among customers since the smart phones took the place. As a result, for Nokia, it is also important to remain the low-class market when they decide to specialize it. Conclusion This paper has given an account for the fading process of Nokia, including its previous glorious history and on contrary the sagging situation at present, along with the severe competition from Samsung and Apple, showing a relatively complete timeline that it falls to decay to the readers. What’ more, causes lead to the fading are also examined. Finally, future prediction and contractive proposals to make Nokia’s renaissance in handouts field are discussed. It is only 5 years that Nokia totally has fallen down from the peak. For Nokia, it is going through the hardest period, in which there are still a number of problems to tackle with, such as the lack of cash flow, the fierce competition from other rivals, the uncertainty of the future of the Windows Phones. On the other hand, this difficulty may overweigh any scene of mergers and acquisitions, financing and listed in the past. However, actually, as Porter (1985) points out, strong competitors can bring about the strategic benefits to Nokia, for example, increasing competitive advantage, absorbing demand fluctuations and enhancing the ability to differentiate. Honestly, the prediction of development prospect for Nokia is not so optimistic that no one will know the outcome that whether it can go through the difficulty. However, just because of this painful experience I believe that Nokia will carefully concern about and profoundly rethink its failing past. Is it the too fast expanding speed, bigotry to the old Symbian system or the despising attitude towards the small role of Android system resulting in today’s fading? But the reason cannot be important anymore, since MOTOROLA, Ericsson and Alcatel failed before, representing the clustered regularity of different events in the long river of history. References Porter, M. (1985). On competition. Boston: Harvard business press Porter, M. (1985). Competitive advantage: Creating and Sustaining Superior Performance. London: Collier Macmillan Publishers Munchbach, A. (2011). Android grabs 53% of global smartphone market share; iOS 50% of application revenues. Available from: http://www. bgr. com/2011/05/19/android-grabs-53-of-global-smartphone-market-share-ios-50-of-application-revenues/ [accessed 19 May 2011] O’Brien, K. (2007). Nokia profit soars as market share nears 40%. The New York Times. Available from: http://www. nytimes. com/2007/10/18/business/worldbusiness/18iht-nokia. 4. 7948524. html? _r=1 [accessed 18 October 2007] Chart: Bibliography ——————————————– [ 1 ]. NAVTEQ is a Chicago-based provider of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) data and is a major provider of base electronic navigable maps. The company is a wholly owned subsidiary of Nokia but operates independently. How to cite The Fading Nokia, Essay examples

Measure For Measure Essay Example For Students

Measure For Measure Essay Measure for Measure, the last of Shakespeares great comedies, is also the darkest of his comedies, and represents his transition to tragic plays. This play differs from Shakespeares other comedies, and is in many ways more akin to tragedy than to comedy. In setting, plot, and character development Measure for Measure has a tragic tone, however, because none of the main characters actually loses his life, the play is a comedy. Almost all of Shakespeares comedies have dual localities: the real world of crime, punishment, and responsibility, and an idyllic world, where reality is malleable, and forgiving. For example, As You Like It occurs in both the world of the court, dangerous for almost all of the primary characters, and the forest of Arden, a sanctuary that nurses conflict to resolution. Measure for Measure, on the other hand, offers no safe haven for the characters. They are trapped in the corrupted mire called Venice. Angelo, appointed scourge of the city, lets no person escape his punishing hand. Painting no Arden to provide asylum, Shakespeare gives Measure for Measure a grave tone. The play is more like a tragedy: intense focus on the gravity of the situation with little emotional respite for the reader and characters. Measure for Measure is like a tragedy in plot development, as well. Shakespeares earlier comedies pose situations of extreme danger, but through plot development, Shakespeare handle s the conflict with a lighter tone. Much is at stake, but he reassures the reader that good will prosper, and evil will not escape some sort of punishment. Measure for Measure is dangerously close to being a tragedy throughout the whole play. Claudios death seems imminent; Isabella will lose either her brother by preserving her chastity, or lose her future as a nun by sacrificing her virginity to the misnamed Angelo; and Angelo, whose hyper-moral reign of terror has no sway over his own actions, nearly perverts the entire plot to his own lust. He nearly succeeds, and it appears as if he will escape punishment entirely. Only in the last scene does Shakespeare provide resolution. The entire play bears a tragic weight that Shakespeare lifts only in the final moments. This resolution, however, adds only a nominal comedic feel to the play. The onset of the final scene drastically alters the plot, which seemed as if it would offer no justice; such a happy ending clashes with the previous events. The duke, sometimes-sinister mastermind of the plot, forces the final judgment on the characters, and offers little real relief. For example, the duke demands that Isabella, who seemed set on a chaste life as a nun, marry him. The plot has thrown her from one precarious situation to another, and finally she is left with no real option, but to marry the duke. Shakespeare provides no evidence that Isabella wants this, nor does he allow her any real escape from the dukes demand. In essence, she is in the same position with the duke as she was with Angelo. The duke, cruelly pretends that Claudio, Isabellas beloved brother is dead; he pretends to side with Angelo, thereby exac erbating the mental anguish of Mariana and Isabella; he bolsters Angelos confidence that he will escape punishment. Even through the end, the duke acts as a type of watered down Iago, playing on insecurities, and perverting the truth for his own controlling nature. This play hinges between tragedy and comedy. It eventually falls on the side of comedy when the duke reveals that no one shall die. Finally, Measure for Measure balances between tragedy and comedy in the way the characters react to the twists of the plot. As Anne Barton displays in an introduction to the play, the characters of Merchant of Venice are absolutists. Unlike those in typical Shakespearean comedies, the characters in this dark comedy rigidly defend their beliefs. Angelo never discards his views of premarital sex, even though he demands that Isabella sleep with him. He is determined to root out sexual license in Vienna, and his own transgression cannot dissuade him. Isabella also is more like Shakespeares tragic characters than his typical comedic characters. Her protection of her virginity never wavers; not even when her brothers life is at stake will she relinquish her morals. Isabella and Angelo are more closely related to Shakespeares Othello than they are to Rosalind who constantly adapts to the situation. Whereas Rosalinds ability to change enables her to affect the plot of As You Like It, Othello s fierce, short sighted determination sends him reeling through a predetermined fate to a tragic end. Angelo and Isabella, in their stubborn adherence to principles, head for a cruel fate, only avoided through the dukes manipulation. .ubc939f8db3dabce4f74d5808fc5f2fb2 , .ubc939f8db3dabce4f74d5808fc5f2fb2 .postImageUrl , .ubc939f8db3dabce4f74d5808fc5f2fb2 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ubc939f8db3dabce4f74d5808fc5f2fb2 , .ubc939f8db3dabce4f74d5808fc5f2fb2:hover , .ubc939f8db3dabce4f74d5808fc5f2fb2:visited , .ubc939f8db3dabce4f74d5808fc5f2fb2:active { border:0!important; } .ubc939f8db3dabce4f74d5808fc5f2fb2 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ubc939f8db3dabce4f74d5808fc5f2fb2 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ubc939f8db3dabce4f74d5808fc5f2fb2:active , .ubc939f8db3dabce4f74d5808fc5f2fb2:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ubc939f8db3dabce4f74d5808fc5f2fb2 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ubc939f8db3dabce4f74d5808fc5f2fb2 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ubc939f8db3dabce4f74d5808fc5f2fb2 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ubc939f8db3dabce4f74d5808fc5f2fb2 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ubc939f8db3dabce4f74d5808fc5f2fb2:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ubc939f8db3dabce4f74d5808fc5f2fb2 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ubc939f8db3dabce4f74d5808fc5f2fb2 .ubc939f8db3dabce4f74d5808fc5f2fb2-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ubc939f8db3dabce4f74d5808fc5f2fb2:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Hamlet: Character Analysis EssayThough Measure for Measure ends with no major characters dying, it is only marginally a comedy. The characters, plot, and setting more resemble Shakespeares tragedies than his comedies. Shakespeare forces the happy ending, and in so doing, announces the end of his comedic works. The darkness of Measure for Measure is a reflection of what is to come; Shakespeares great tragedies. Words/ Pages : 839 / 24

Euthanaisa Essays - Euthanasia, Medical Ethics, Death, Suicide

Euthanaisa Euthanasia Euthanasia is, according to Webster dictionary, the act of killing an individual for the reason of mercy. This paper will examen the issue of active and passive euthanasia. Active euthanasia is an intervention that would cause death to take place when it would not otherwise happen. Passive euthanasia is the decision to withold help from an individual, ultimately leading to the death of the individual. This paper is supposed to deal with the circumstances, if any, that euthanasia, active or passive, would be morally permissible. Before I build the wall of moral delineation between these two scenarios, consider that they are but two possible choices on a broad continuum of options about death. I would suggest that there are three hard points on this continuum; 1. Do not allow death if at all possible 2. Do not interfere with death 3. Death is a choice Under this logic, #1 #1 and #3? Indeed, even the deciding when to exercise #1 means that you are at #3! The circumstances in which euthanasia would be morally permissible must therefore be drawn upon #3 of the continuum. The #3 says that death is a choice and that both passive and active euthanasia are choices of death. Death being a choice indicates that a decision must be made. The decision therefore lies in the hands of the patient, because he has a natural right to his life and his body. This right to life is self-evident and universal. The problem with this argument becomes evident when the patient is not able to present a desicision, whether he is unconscious or has other inabilities of communication or thought processes. Who then, if anybody, should make the decision between intervention preventing death or intervention causing death? Consent then, is the issue that I will base the moral permissibility of euthanasia on. Should euthanasia be morally okay with consent, without consent, both, or neither? First I will argue that euthanasia is morally permissible. Through the continuum, I have concluded that death is a choice. Accepting this viewpoint, you accept that someone should be able to decide to die. Accepting this, then you justify suicide. This argument is not based upon suffering because I have drawn no definition to the acceptable limit of suffering. If suicide is okay, then why not assisted suicide? Remember that just standing idle when you could prevent death is a decision to allow suicide. Arranging an injection with a push button so all the patient has to do is push a button to die would be considered suicide, which is morally acceptable. This would mean that it is acceptable for an individual to die if they were physically capable of doing it themselves. What logic would you deny the same right to those who were mentally competant but physically incapable? A person who is physically incapable of killing themselves must be killed by another if they choose to die. If a p erson has a right to die and cannot physically kill themselves, than euthanasia is the only way they could excersise their choice to death. If a person wants to die because they are in a unfavorable condition, whether the choice to die is implied by the patient at the present, or by instructions previously given, they have a right to chose to die and their choice should be honored. Therefore I believe that euthanasia with consent in one way or another is morally permissible in most circumstances. The moral permissibility of euthanasia without consent now must be considered. Everybody has a right to chose to die if they want to. Who is to chose whether a person should die or not when the person cannot make the decision on their

Great Hammerhead Shark

Great Hammerhead Shark The great hammerhead shark (Sphyrna mokarran) is the largest of the 9 species of hammerhead sharks. These sharks are easily recognized by their unique hammer or shovel-shaped heads. Description The great hammerhead can reach a maximum length of about 20 feet, but their average length is about 12 feet. Their maximum length is about 990 pounds. They have a grayish-brown to light gray back and white underside. Great hammerhead sharks have a notch in the center of their head, which is known as a cephalofoil. The cephalofoil has a gentle curve in juvenile sharks but becomes straight as the shark ages. Great hammerhead sharks have a very tall, curved first dorsal fin and a smaller second dorsal fin. They have 5-gill slits. Classification Kingdom: AnimaliaPhylum: ChordataSubphylum: GnathostomataSuperclass: PiscesClass: ElasmobranchiiSubclass: NeoselachiiInfraclass: SelachiiSuperorder: GaleomorphiOrder: CarcharhiniformesFamily: SphyrnidaeGenus: SphyrnaSpecies: mokarran Habitat and Distribution Great hammerhead sharks live in warm temperate and tropical waters in the Atlantic, Pacific, and Indian Oceans. They are also found in the Mediterranean and Black Seas and Arabian Gulf. They undertake seasonal migrations to cooler waters in the summer. Great hammerheads may be found in both nearshore and offshore waters, over continental shelves, near islands, and near coral reefs. Feeding Hammerheads use their cephalofoils for detection of prey using their electro-reception system. This system allows them to detect their prey by electrical fields. Great hammerhead sharks primarily feed at dusk and eat stingrays, invertebrates, and fish, including even other great hammerheads. Their favorite prey is rays, which they pin down using their heads. They then bite at the rays wings to immobilize them and eat the entire ray, including the tail spine. Reproduction Great hammerhead sharks may mate at the surface, which is unusual behavior for a shark. During mating, the male transfers sperm to the female via his claspers. Great hammerhead sharks are viviparous (give birth to live young). The gestation period for a female shark is about 11 months, and 6-42 pups are born live. The pups are about 2 feet long at birth. Shark Attacks Hammerhead sharks are generally not dangerous to humans, but great hammerheads should be avoided due to their size. Hammerhead sharks, in general, are listed by the International Shark Attack File #8 on its list of species responsible for shark attacks from the years 1580 to 2011. During this time, hammerheads were responsible for 17 non-fatal, unprovoked attacks and 20 fatal, provoked attacks. Conservation Great hammerheads are listed as endangered by the IUCN Red List due to their slow reproduction rate, high bycatch mortality and harvest in shark finning operations. The IUCN encourages implementation of shark finning bans to protect this species. References and Further Information ARKive. Great Hammerhead. Accessed June 30, 2012.Bester, Cathleen.Great Hammerhead Shark. Florida Museum of Natural History. Accessed June 30, 2012.Carpenter, K.E. Great Hammerhead: Sphyrna mokarran. Accessed June 30, 2012.Compagno, L., Dando, M. and S. Fowler. 2005. Sharks of the World. Princeton University Press.Denham, J., Stevens, J., Simpfendorfer, C.A., Heupel, M.R., Cliff, G., Morgan, A., Graham, R., Ducrocq, M., Dulvy, N.D, Seisay, M., Asber, M., Valenti, S.V., Litvinov, F., Martins, P., Lemine Ould Sidi, M. Tous, P. and Bucal, D. 2007. Sphyrna mokarran. In: IUCN 2012. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2012.1... Accessed June 30, 2012.Florida Museum of Natural History. 2012. ISAF Statistics on Attacking Species of Shark. Accessed June 30, 2012.Krupa, D. 2002. Why the Hammerhead Sharks Head is In the Shape Its In. American Physiological Society. Accessed June 30, 2012.ScienceDaily. 2010. Hammerhead Shark Study Shows Cascade of Evolution Affected Size, Head Shape. A ccessed June 30, 2012.

Education and technology Research Proposal Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Education and technology - Research Proposal Example Educational technologies are being utilized in every aspect of learning and more increasingly, students are being asked to access information from technological sources. Methods of instruction must change in order to keep up with the ever-changing world and educational institutions must cease the technological movement. Over the last few years, technology has advanced rapidly and there have been literally hundreds of published studies investigating its educational effect. Although there might not yet be a definitive conclusion since it is becoming apparent that the type of learning that technology best enhances is difficult to quantify (Johnson, 1996), there are many research reports that indicate students can now maximize the benefits of education by use of a variety of technology-rich educational environments. Walsh and Reese, (1995) argues that education has received a much needed boost in the form of distance learning and that a key catalyst for the growth of distance learning is video communications. The Walsh and Reese report, which focuses on distance education networks that had been established in a variety of states including Georgias GSAMS, Missouri, and California, describes how distance education can extend and improve the quality of an institutions educational offerings, provide substantial economic benefits, and offer a strategic advantage in penetrating potential new market segments, including corporate education, continuing adult education, and job training. The authors suggest that the key to the success of these and hundreds of other networks is video. They argue that when combined with other media, video has proven to be a highly effective way of getting and holding students attention, so real learning can take place. As DIgnazio (1993) holds that as businesses had been building electronic highways, education had been creating an electronic dirt road. He argues

No need for topic Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

No need for topic - Essay Example The second stage of moral development intensifies the right/wrong and good/bad practices to encompass the notion of satisfying own needs. Based on the implications of the decision made by the decision maker, Weber argues that aspects of fairness and equal sharing can be interpreted in that context.3 For example, the above move by directors would have a consequential implication to organizational shareholders and the firm at large. Stage three is primarily based on personal behavior. Specifically, members of any given society are expected to behave and conduct themselves in a certain way. In so doing, participants derive behavior-based satisfaction with respect to that which is naturally acceptable to the society. Here, the rules of the majority are essentially in play. On the other hand, the identified fourth stage of moral development deals with societal perspectives of generalized morals. For example, bakers are generally held to be trustworthy and their behavior in and out of work should reflect this expectation. However, this many not always be the case with regard to both the third and fourth stages of moral development. Any given society in its entirety accords rights to its members. In this respect, stage five defines the right and the wrong based on the rights accorded to the members of the society. On the same note, a society’s standards are upheld through the said rights, subsequently influencing the moral factor in that society. When it comes to the final stage of moral development, the definition of what is right is personalized. In other words, an individual’s ethical and moral principles drive the right/wrong definition. In this respect, what is rightfully, ethically, and morally accepted by one individual or society may not necessary be accepted by another subject to the provisions of the last two stages of moral development. Part B Translating theory into practice takes diverse and dynamic approaches. This is because organizational operations, strategies, goals, and objectives differ from one organization to another. For this reason, the operationalization of Kohlberg’s model within an organization requires a strategic approach. On the same note, the taken approach must be aligned and consistent with organizational short term and long term prospects. The practice of Kohlberg’s model would, therefore, require managers to be sensitive to the organizational culture and operations in play. To start with, managers do not necessarily have to implement every aspect of Kohlberg’s model. This is because some of the aspects of Kohlberg’s model may or may not be relevant for some organizational practices. In this respect, managers need to evaluate the organizational culture in play against the Kohlberg’s model. In so doing, managers would note ineffective areas within the organization as far as Kohlberg’s model is concerned. Once this has been done, the chosen provisions of the model can now be implemented. For example, an organization’s definition of right and wrong may be primarily built on the general societal

Effects of Internet Online Booking in Travel Agencies

Effects of Internet Online Booking in Travel Agencies Can High Street Travel Agencies Survive  With Online Travel Agencies? Contents (Jump to) Chapter 2 Literature Review Chapter 3 – Methodology Chapter 4 Findings and Analysis 4.1 UK Travel Industry, Current Analysis 4.2 Composition of Travel The travel industry represents the classic example of firms operating as agents between the seller and buyers as represented by the multitude of offers that are present in the industry. The foundation for this process was established in the pre-computer era that utilized direct reservation systems. This mode inculcated the industry and became the accepted operational norm as airlines had an exterior sales force as represented by these independent operations, and customers had a means to wade through the difficult maze of airline flight possibilities. The advent of the internet brought a new variable into the scenario whereby it provided consumers with a choice as a result of the capabilities of this medium to collect and display flight availability, schedules and pricing through search engine compiling. Transaction costs were lowered as a result of economies of scale and 24 hour availability, with the heart of the process fueled by utilizing consumers to conduct the work in finding b argains. This examination will seek to equate whether the traditional travel agencies known as High Street, representing brick and mortar operations in the industry parlance, can survive the onslaught to their business as represented by online travel agencies. The travel industry represents a phenomenon that we are all familiar with in terms of verbiage, however, the definitive meanings as represented by specific words may not be as clear as one would think. In order to provide the necessary verbal underpinnings for this analysis of ‘if High Street Travel Agencies can survive with online Travel Agencies’, a definition of terms seems in order. Travel represents a word that emanates from ‘travailen’ in Middle English, which means to toil, and has its roots in the French word ‘travailler (Wikipedia, 2007). It, travel, is defined as (American Heritage Dictionary, 2007) 1. being transported â€Å"†¦ from one place to another †¦Ã¢â‚¬  as represented by either a trip or journey, and, 2. the process and or time entailed in moving a person from a particular location to another. Travel can be further explained as tourism, which is the visiting of family and or friends, the process of commuting as represent ed by traveling to either work or other functions, the act of migration in moving one’s local or as a constant series of moves as illustrated by nomadic peoples, and as pilgrimages for religious reasons (Wikipedia, 2007). In the context of this examination, travel shall be defined by the transport of individuals for pleasure, tourism, business and personal reasons. A travel agency â€Å"†¦offers its services in the capacity of an agent †¦Ã¢â‚¬  and provides â€Å"†¦ travel and tourism related services to the public †¦Ã¢â‚¬  as achieved through the agency’s arrangements and agreements with â€Å"†¦ airlines, cruise lines, hotels and other suppliers of travel related services† (Department of the Treasury, 2002). Travel agencies â€Å"†¦ may contract directly †¦Ã¢â‚¬  with the aforementioned companies or through what is termed a â€Å"†¦ coordinating body such as the Airlines Reporting Corporation †¦Ã¢â‚¬  as well as other such agencies or bodies (Department of the Treasury, 2002). In addition to the aforementioned services, travel agencies may offer varied financial related services such as traveler’s checks and trip insurance. An important segment of the travel industry is represented by tourism, which Hermann Von Schullard, Austrian economist, stated is the â€Å" †¦ sum total of operators †¦ which directly relate to the entry †¦ stay and movement of foreigners †¦Ã¢â‚¬  (MedLibrary.org, 2007). The introduction of internet based online travel information, booking and ticketing systems introduced a new variable into the market which allows consumers to research ticket prices, schedules and related aspects at discounted prices as a result of the lower commissioning fees online services charge airlines for acting in their capacity as middlemen. This phenomenon caught on with the public and market share increasingly shifted in favor of online travel services as lower prices, instant access and no frill airlines captured their imagination. High Street travel agencies are thus caught in a battle for survival as a result, however there are market variables that indicate the penetration rates of online travel agencies has been slowing, but massive damage has already been done. If High Street travel agencies are to survive, they will have to capitalize upon inherent facets of customer attitudes and preferences as well as what their service type offers that can not be duplicated by c omputerized access that does not offer human problem solving skills for complex travel related problems that exist in varied circumstances. Chapter 2 Literature Review The rapid pace of changes and developments in the travel industry as a result of travel packages, consumer attitudes, economic variables, utilization histories with varied forms of booking methodologies and related aspects rendered the examination of the subject matter as contemporary. The research methodology deemed best suited to this study was ‘descriptive’ in that it is based upon the use of data, information, facts and associated resources to reveal the way things are. To this end, this examination relied heavily on Internet sources to provide the aforementioned. The definitions utilized herein to provide a basis for understanding of travel agencies as represented by the statement provided by United States Department of the Treasury was used as it represented a definition honed from a governmental classification of an industry sector which represented the culmination of intensive study to arrive at its meaning in a universal sense that is applicable. This same approach was utilized to conduct data and survey research which entailed the collection of information from the Tourism Society of England, the International Air Transport Association, ITB Berlin and IPK International, Internet World Stats and other sources. In conducting the research on the question as to whether High Street travel agencies can survive with online travel agencies, the first aspect that was noted is that the various travel and tourism books offered information on each sector from a dated perspective that did not take into account new developments, many of which appeared in 2005 through 2006 as new travel packages and the a new travel sector, cruises, emerged as an industry force. The preceding contention is supported by the data uncovered by surveys conducted by Travel Weekly in the United Kingdom that asked respondents in the travel agency sector direct questions regarding their impression and view of their industry. Such a source represents more viable research that was conducted during 2006, offers a more comprehensive base of industry information on how things actually are as it asked the experts in the field of study, travel agents themselves. Their responses on what they viewed as the emerging segment of most importance, cruises, which also represents their most viable revenue stream is data which was not found in the numerous research studies conducted by the World Trade Organization, PricewaterHouseCoopers, Accenture and World Stats. These sources were extremely valuable in providing supporting data on trends, patterns and other facets of the travel and tourism sector, however, information from industry insiders in the High Street sector represented t he foundation for the question being examined. ITB Berlin and IPK International offered invaluable information concerning the breakdown of consumer utilization of travel agency sectors, as did PriceWaterHouseCoopers and Internet World Stats. Accenture’s research gave depth to the previous information as it provided data on how and what consumers do in the process of seeking travel services. Michael Porter’s Five Forces Model provided the means to correlate all of the indicated data and survey information into a concise summary of High Street and online travel agency competitive points to hone in on the variables and factors that the prior sources offered. Chapter 3 Methodology In examining the context of whether High Street travel agencies can survive with online travel agencies it was determined that the research would have to delve into the nuances of the travel and tourism sector to determine the following: Components of the industry from an historical perspective Key aspects of varied consumer attitudes, preferences, trends and views Travel industry product components, trends, developments and projections Trend of High Street and online travel agency market share progressions Relationships and importance of differing travel segment components in both sectors in relationship to their inherent strengths and weaknesses as applied against each service model Variables and factors at work, along with developing trends that might have a bearing on the examination To accomplish the foregoing the methodology selected entailed the utilization of secondary research of a limited historical nature to provide background information to understand the context of the industry sectors and their changing relationships. The preceding was accomplished through the use of books and journals along with statistical information. Since changes in any industry occur quickly the reliance upon books and journals for contemporary developments was deemed as inappropriate and inconclusive. Therefore, to determine the present status of both sectors, the research and operative methodology centered upon the analysis of data as well as trends and inherent characteristics. To accomplish the preceding quantitative research was determined as the methodology as it â€Å"†¦ generates new information about the world †¦Ã¢â‚¬  by virtue of (University of North Carolina, 2007): Objectivity, whereby the potential for bias that could potentially affect and or influence the outcome is kept to a minimum through the collection of varying points of view from a number of differing sources. Rigorous, in that the researcch process utilizes data to uncover obvious as well as obsure information, with attention to accuracy and detail as underlying precepts. Systematic, in that the conduct of research seeks coherent data and information in order to equate the true undercurrents of what is the case as opposed to what appears to be the case in the study and analysis. The subject under examination represents a puzzle that is ruled by the governing question (International Research Network, 2007). The preceding helped to determine the reseach process, the identification of the sources of data as well as information, and the methodologies to be utilized. Kravitz (2006) states that there are differing types of research which can be used in a study. The one selected for this examination included descriptive along with quantitative as it entails the collection of information and trends through the review of data, surveys and examination of varied sources. Kravitz (2006) indicates that this research type is best at describing the way things are, and that the review of prior research aids in the process, along with contempory information. Chapter 4 Findings and Analysis 4.1 UK Travel Industry, Current Analysis As of 2002 there were 3,181 travel agencies in the United Kingdom, representing a growth rate of minus 17.2% that generated $11, 659 billion in sales (International Air Transport Association, 2002). Globally, the travel industry generates in excess of one trillion USD annually and is the largest industrial sector (Vogel, 2006, pp. 50-59). The Tourism Society of England indicates that domestically this segment of the industry generates 75 billion pounds in a highly fragmented industry (Tourism Society, 2007). In polls conducted by Travel Weekly, the British based industry travel magazine, travel agents were asked their views on a number of areas (Travel Weekly, 2007). 47% indicated that cruises would represent the biggest growth area in travel in 2007, followed by long haul trips at 32%, and domestic breaks at 21% (Travel Weekly, 2007). The implications of the preceding seemingly bode well for travel agencies in that these types of trips consumers seek the aid of professionals to aid them with arrangements, features, pricing and the varied packages that are available, which can be quite extensive. Travel agents indicated that they were worried, however regarding the state of the travel industry entering 2007, registering 61%, with 26% indicating confidence and 13% checking indifference as their response (Travel Weekly, 2007). Travel agent responses provide a valuable insight as to how they feel concerning various aspects and as the most up to date informational source such is being utiliz ed to provide a gauge on the prospects of High Street travel agencies and their battle for market share with online travel agencies. A significant response to the polls in this regard can be found in what travel agents thought about the price wars lowering High Street fares. 36% indicated that they believed that such would end up in lower prices, while 42% replied no, with 21% indicating probably (Travel Weekly, 2007). With respect to the dollar to pound exchange rate that has increased in favor of the pound, travel agents indicated that they felt Christmas shoppers would benefit the most, 51%, followed by New York City retailers at 23%, High Street travel agencies, 15%, and online retailers and airlines at 11% (Travel Weekly, 2007). The preceding represents an indication of travel agent’s attitudes toward High Street travel agencies that mirrors their responses concerning their battle for market share. This view was also confirmed by travel agent responses to if there is any future for independent High Street travel agents. 54% stated that they felt there would always be room for independent agents, with 27% indicating the affirmative but as part of a larger buying group, and 19% stating that they would not be able to compete against the larger companies (Travel Weekly, 2007). When asked about the importance of cruises to their industry, travel agents responded in the following fashion. 53% indicated that this area is growing in importance, with 21% stating that it represents the one area that they make money (Travel Weekly, 2007). 17% indicated that this segment is too complex and that they do not sell cruise packages, and 9% stated that cruise business is vital to their business only if they sell these via self packaging (Travel Weekly, 2007). Given that 47% indicated that the cruise business will enjoy the largest segment of growth in the industry in 2007, that seemingly indicates that High Street travel agencies are factoring in this segment as an important revenue stream. The utilization of the Internet as a booking method has seen high growth in Europe, mostly in flights as well as accommodations (ITB Berlin and IPK International, 2006, p. 13). The foregoing represents an approximated one/third of all outbound trips and also entails online booking for some segments of an individual’s trip as represented by hotel and vehicle reservations (ITB Berlin and IPK International, 2006, p. 13). ITB Berlin and IPK International (2006, p. 13) reports that the utilization of the internet is primarily the mode used for airline ticket purchases, with accommodations second, however, vehicle reservations leads both categories as a percentage of sales of the total. Table 1- Travel Bookings in Europe, January Through August 2006 (as a percentage of pre-bookings in total travel) (ITB Berlin and IPK International, 2006, p. 13) Total Internet Accommodations 78% 37% Flight 63% 38% Travel insurance 23% 6% Bus/coach 15% 2% Rental car 15% 10% Ferry 9% 7% Train 7% 4% Others 5% 3% Interestingly, travel agents utilize the internet as a source of information and the use of tour operators in placing their rates and packages online represents a key reason for the preceding (ITB Berlin and IPK International, 2006, p. 13). Consumers utilize the Internet for a large percentage of their travel arrangements, especially in the area of airline, accommodation and auto rental, as shown by the following: Table 2 – Information Sources Used by European Outbound Travelers, January through August 2006 (ITB Berlin and IPK International, 2006, p. 14) Source % share Internet 45 Travel agency 20 Friends/relatives 17 Travel guide 8 Travel brochure 7 Newspaper 3 Tourist office 2 TV 2 Others 5 The preceding seemingly indicates that incursions by Internet based booking in the cruise travel segment is going to remain low as a result of the complexities encountered in making selections and wading through the complex data and choices. As the main revenue source and growth area for High Street travel agencies, consolidation of the services offered in this area represents a strong foundation to be built upon. The consumer climate in the United Kingdom exceeds the confidence of travel agencies with respect to their outlooks. Travel Weekly’s (2007) poll in this segment indicated that 26% of them were confident, while ITB Berlin and IPK International (2006, p. 18) found that the United Kingdom and Spain are at the top of its consumer confidence survey as well as percentage of household consumption. Termed as a willingness to buy, said factor represents increased demand in the UK during 2007, and as the United Kingdom’s placement in this category has consistently been at the top, bodes well for the continued growth forecast in the industry. The growth in eCommerce has shifted the manner and way individuals utilize travel services. Originating in a paper on packet switching by Leonard Kleinrock of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1961, the theoretical underpinnings of Klienrocks work set the stage for the ARANET which was the distant forerunning to the internet (Internet Society, 2007). That beginning has reshaped the manner of global commerce, information availabilities, and created an entirely new set of industry classifications. One such manifestation is illustrated in the travel industry. The ability to search large quantities of data easily and instantly through varied online web sites, and travel agencies without any sales or pressure tactics makes the internet a technology that is ideally suited to the travel industry. In this medium consumers can search and explore at their leisure at any time reviewing all manner of destinations, travel times, pricing and comparative offers. This used to be the exclu sive domain of travel agencies, the search for fares, times, routes, seating, destinations and packages, through information networks that were unavailable to the public. Consumers do not have to queue at call centers, telephone or take a trip to High Street travel agencies, they can simply click online and search easy to find categories from their Internet browser. Online travel agents are able to offer 24 hour access to information that consumers can access and compare at any time, representing a boon to locating the best prices, dates, deals, destinations and packages. The online travel industry is just a decade old, however the impact of online agencies has been tremendous (Economist, 2005). The benefit of the Internet to consumers and travel providers such as airlines, hotels, car rentals and associated sectors is that it saves administrative costs enabling them to offer lower fares and rates (Economist, 2005). There are 37,600,000 internet users in the United Kingdom estimated for 2006 against a population of 60,000,000 people representing a 62.5% penetration rate with user growth rising by 144% between the period 2000 and 2006 (Internet World Stats, 2007a). The UK ranks 6th globally in the total number of Internet users (Internet World Stats, 2007b), and ranks 20th on terms of penetration rate (Internet World Stats, 2007c). Table 3 – Top 20 Countries with the Highest Number of Internet Users (Internet World Stats, 2007b) Rank Country Internet Users Population (2006 est.) Internet Penetration 1 United States 209,024,921 299,093,237 69.9% 2 China 123,000,000 1,306,724,067 9.4% 3 Japan 86,300,000 128,389,000 67.2% 4 Germany 50,616,207 82,515,988 61.3% 5 India 40,000,000 1,112,225,812 3.6% 6 United Kingdom 37,600,000 60,139,274 62.5% 7 Korea (South) 33,900,000 50,633,265 67.0% Table 4 Top 20 Countries with the Highest Number of Internet Users (Internet World Stats, 2007c) Rank Country Penetration (% Population) Internet Users Latest Data Population (2006 Est.) 1 Iceland 86.8% 258,000 297,072 2 New Zealand 76.3% 3,200,000 4,195,729 3 Sweden 74.9% 6,800,000 9,076,757 4 Portugal 74.1% 7,782,760 10,501,051 5 Australia 70.7% 14,663,622 20,750,052 6 Falkland Islands 70.4% 1,900 2,699 7 Denmark 69.4% 3,762,500 5,425,373 8 United States 69.3% 207,161,706 299,093,237 19 Netherlands 65.9% 10,806,328 16,386,216 20 United Kingdom 62.5% 37,600,000 60,139,274 The significance of these figures is that online travel agencies effectively are accessible to 62.5% of the UK population, which becomes more imposing when one considers that 16.7 million United Kingdom residents traveled outside of the country during 2006 (National Statistics, 2007). The utilization of travel outside the UK is utilized as internal country travel represents means generally using short air trips, train, car and coach for brief trips and stays and does not factor into the type of business profile utilized to a high percentage by High Street travel agencies. The impact of the Internet has caused a dramatic decrease in the number of brick and mortar travel agency locations in the United Kingdom as a result of shifting consumer booking patterns. During 2005, the intrusion of the Internet into the brick and mortar travel agency business caused 28 travel agency companies to fail, not to mention the numerous closing of the offices of the larger chains (m-travel.com, 2005). I n 2005, the number of brick and mortar travel agencies totaled 6,124, down considerably from the 7,513 in 1989 (m-travel.com, 2005). The good news is that cruise ship travel is up substantially, and the travel / tourism industry has been experiencing solid growth. However, the cruise ship segment is the sector of the industry that has shown the most dramatic gains. Lines such as Carnival, Princess, Celebrity and Royal Caribbean have either ordered or put into service over 30 ships in a few years representing a tremendous capital investment (Prestige Travel Systems, 2007). The lure of cruise ships lies in their first class accommodations and immersing passengers into a totally contained package of luxury, gourmet meals, on ship shops, athletics, movies, entertainment, restaurants all while cruising to destinations. Carrying in the area of 4,000 passengers, with 10 to 15 decks, the typical cruise ship boosts in the area of 10 restaurants, 250 waiters, and most are the same size or larger than the Queen Mary 2 (Guardian Unlimited, 2006). Industry executives in the cruise ship sector report that projections in cruise ship travel forecast it to increase in 2007 (Cruise Critic, 2006). The growth of this segment is good news to brick and mortar travel agencies as airline travel booking has been and is shifting to the online sector. The airline travel segment as a result of the Internet, and user penetration in the UK, 62.5%, has seen an increase in online bookings to the point where it now registers 53%, according to a survey conducted by Accenture (2005). The Report stated that 63% of respondents have booked hotels online, and that nearly two-thirds of those responding to the survey indicating that they expect to increase their use of low cost airlines where price is the primary consideration (Accenture, 2005). One of the key facets uncovered is that consumers are highly price sensitive and that since the 2003 survey it was noted that there has been a significant shift to online bookings from a live agent (Accenture, 2005). Table 5 – Primary Method of Booking Business Travel (Accenture, 2005) Online 53% Phone with a live agent 27% In person 12% Other 8% Table 6 – Internet Use for Flight Arrangements (Accenture, 2005) Research flight times and availability 79% Purchase airline tickets 66% Update and or change reservations 28% Specify personal flight preferences 26% Airline check in 22% Access account history or receipts online 19% None of the above 12% Other 2% Table 7 – Personal Travel Preferences, Airline Type (Accenture, 2005) Major network carriers 48% Low cost airlines 46% Not applicable 5% Other 1% The foregoing indicates a high do it yourself mode in airline bookings whereby the comparisons are rather straight forward. Features incorporated into online sites such as arranging your own seating has proved to be extremely popular, as has the printing of boarding passes and tickets (Economist, 2005). In fact, many online travel agencies are offering more than simply travel tickets and accommodations. Some have gifts shopping, hotel ranking sites, comments from other travelers, tickets to events and more, all in the effort to make the experience personable and get consumers to either remain on the site longer or return (Economist, 2005). As indicated under Table 6 Internet Use for Flight Arrangements, 79% of Internet users utilize online sites to research flight times and availability, while 66% actually purchase tickets. Naturally the more comfortable one